A common arc welding process that involves the formation of an arc between a continuously fed electrode and the workpiece. A blanket of powdered flux generates a protective gas shield and a slag (and may also be used to add alloying elements to the weld pool) which protects the weld zone.
Electrogas welding (EGW)
A continuous vertical position arc welding process, in which an arc is struck between a consumable electrode and the workpiece.
Resistance Welding (RW)
A group of fusion-welding processes that uses a combination of heat and pressure to accomplish coalescence, the heat being generated by electrical resistance to current flow at the junction to be welded.
Resistance spot welding (RSW)
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is the most common of the various resistance welding processes. In this process, the weld is produced by the heat obtained at the interface between the workpieces.
Friction stir welding (FSW)
A solid-state joining process that uses a non-
Friction-Stir Welding: Principles and Applications by 
Stud welding
A technique similar to flash welding where a fastener or specially formed nut is welded onto another metal part, typically a base metal or substrate.
Stud Arc Welding is an arc welding process in which a stud or similar metal part can be end-joined to a work piece instantaneously.
Guide to stud welding
A guide to stud welding
Magnetic Pulse Welding (MPW)
Magnetic Pulse Welding (MPW) uses electromagnetically generated forces to create a solid-state cold weld at room temperature.
Flash welding
A type of resistance welding that does not use any filler metals. The pieces of metal to be welded are set apart at a predetermined distance based on material thickness, material composition, and desired properties of the finished weld. Current is applied to the metal, and the gap between the two pieces creates resistance and produces the arc required to melt the metal. Once the pieces of metal reach the proper temperature, they are pressed together, effectively forge welding them together
Electron-beam welding
A fusion welding process in which a beam of high-velocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. The workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact.
Inertia welding
The plasma arc welding (PAW) process is a gas-shielded process that utilizes a constricted arc between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and the workpiece. The transferred arc possesses high energy density and plasma jet velocity.
Thermal Spraying (THSP)
A group of processes that deposit molten metallic or non-metallic surfacing materials onto a prepared substrate.
Cold or contact welding
A solid-state welding process in which joining takes place without fusion/heating at the interface of the two parts to be welded. Unlike in the fusion-welding processes, no liquid or molten phase is present in the joint.
Ultrasonic welding (USW)
Ultrasonic welding (USW) is a process for joining similar and dissimilar metals by introducing highfrequency vibrations into the overlapping metals in the area to be joined.
Hardfacing
A metalworking process where harder or tougher material is applied to a base metal. It is welded to the base material, and generally takes the form of specialized electrodes for arc welding or filler rod for oxyacetylene and gas tungsten arc welding (TIG) welding.
Laser Hybrid Welding
Hybrid techniques refer to processes in which laser welding is combined with other welding methods.
Laser Hybrid Welding process is the combination of Arc welding and Laser Beam Welding. This process is performed by initially heating the surface of the workpiece with the help of a laser.
Thermite Welding
A welding process that employs molten metal to permanently join the conductors. The process employs an exothermic reaction of a thermite composition to heat the metal, and requires no external source of heat or current.
A welding technique of the past and has largely been replaced by the gas metal arc welding. In this process, two metal tungsten electrodes are placed in the hydrogen atmosphere. This makes the hydrogen break up into molecules, which are then combined in an explosion of heat (up to 3000 degrees Celsius).
