Introduction to Computer Programming: What are Programming Languages?

Each programming language type has a task that it is best suited for, so there are many types of programming languages. We will go over a few popular ones here:

• Java
• Python
• C#
• C++
• HTML
• PHP
• Visual Basic

Note: There are many more languages than what is listed. 

What is Java?

Java was developed by Sun Microsystems (and is now owned by Oracle), and it is a class-based and object-oriented programming language. It’s designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. Originally, Java was designed for developing programs for set-top boxes and handheld devices, but later Java became a popular choice for making web applications.

Java runs on about three billion devices, according to Oracle. Java can be used to develop mobile and desktop applications, can handle big data processing, embedded systems, and more.

To learn more, visit:
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/getStarted/intro/definition.html
https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-java
https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-java/modules/learn-java-hello-world/cheatsheet

What is Python? 

Python is a general-purpose programming language, created by Guido van Rossum. Like Java, it is an object-oriented language, however Python also has built-in data structures and dynamic typing and dynamic binding. Python can also be used as a scripting or ‘glue’ language, being used to connect various pre-existing components together.
Python boasts an easy-to-learn syntax, making code maintenance costs lower for the user. Python us commonly used in pages in web browsers, operating system shells, games, and software applications.

For more information, visit:
https://www.python.org/doc/essays/blurb/
https://www.codecademy.com/learn
/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-hello-world/cheatsheet

What is C#?

C# is described as being a simple, modern, general purpose, objected-orientated programming language. This language was developed by Microsoft, in its .NET initiative, which was led by Anders Hejlsberg.

For a full tutorial of C#, please visit https://www.tutorialspoint.com/csharp/index.htm

What is C++?

C++ is another general-purpose programming language, created by Bjarne Stroustrup. It is meant to be used as an extension of the C programming language. C++ can be used to create high-performance applications, and it gives programmers that use it a high level of control over system resources and memory. C++ supports several programming types, notably supporting procedural, object-orientated, and functional programming.
C++ can be used to develop operating systems, games, and internet browsers.

For more information, visit:
https://www.programiz.com/cpp-programming
https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-c-plus-plus/modules/learn-cpp-hello-world/cheatsheet

What is HTML?

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. HTML is the standard markup language for documents. HTML is technically a programming language, although it doesn’t exactly work like the rest of them. You see, HTML is used for structural purposes on web pages, which leads to many people questioning whether or not HTML is actually a programming language at all. That is just an issue of semantics.
HTML is a declarative programming language, not a computational one, which means HTML uses facts to ‘code’. To give an example, you would use HTML to tell a document where a heading would go, how many sections the document has, and so on.

For more information, visit: 
https://anyonecanlearntocode.com/blog_posts/is-html-a-programming-language
https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-elements/cheatsheet

What is PHP?

PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor) is an open-source and general-purpose scripting language. It is suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. It uses special starting and ending instructions that allows programmers to ‘weave’ PHP in and out of HTML.

https://www.php.net/manual/en/intro-whatis.php
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/php/index.htm

What is Visual Basic?

Visual Basic is an object-orientated programming language developed by Microsoft. It is an east way to make .NET apps. It is also an extension of the BASIC programming language that combines BASIC functions and commands with visual controls

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/visual-basic/

https://techterms.com/definition/visualbasic

https://guides.library.duke.edu/c.php?g=846898&p=6149960

https://libguides.bristolcc.edu/c.php?g=306632&p=2045434